[Answered]: R

R. W. is a 32-year-old Black female who was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at age 14 years. R. W. was angry about her diagnosis as a teen and was nonadherent to her diet and medication treatment because, “I don’t want to be different from my friends.” Due to her continuous hyperglycemia, she was admitted to hospital once at 15 and twice in her 20s for diabetic ketoacidosis. Due to her persistent hyperglycemia, she was diagnosed with Stage 2 hypertension and placed on an antihypertensive. As R. W. continues to eat foods high in sodium, fats, and sugars, both her hypertension and Type 1 diabetes remain uncontrolled. R. W. presents now to her primary care provider complaining of fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and itching of the skin. She has had episodic nausea and vomiting over the past three days. Vital signs were BP 150/90, HR 90 bpm, Respirations 22 and unlabored, Temperature 98.6 deg F. On auscultation, coarse crackles were heard bilaterally and the lung bases. Skin has mild edema peripherally, both upper and lower limbs, and with very pale skin, dry with flakiness. No adenopathy, or hepatosplenomegaly. Her health care provider ordered laboratory tests and sends her to nephrology for a consultation. Laboratory Results TableLabResultNa149 mEq/LK5.4 mEq/LCl116 mEq/LCa6.7 mg/dLMg3.8 mg/dLPhos5.9 mg/dLHCO332 mEq/LpH7.38BUN143 mg/dLCr2.38 mg/dLGFR30ml/min/1.73m2Plt270,000/mm3RBC3.4 million/mm3Hbg9.5 g/dLHct30.7%MCV80 fLWBC9,400/mm3Glucose, Random250 mg/dLAST18 IU/LALT35 IU/LTotal bilirubin2.0 mg/dLAlbumin2.9 g/dLTotal protein5.0 g/dLPT14.2 secPTT34 secProtein Urine+++Blood Urine+++ Identify the pathophysiology associated with this case. Based on the laboratory values, identify the linkages between the laboratory results and the subjective statements and the assessment findings. What stage of chronic kidney disease is R. W. in? The nephrologist obtains a positive Chvostek sign. With which of the laboratory findings is this consistent with? As the client’s nurse, what dietary requirements and restrictions will you educate the client about.