[Expert Solution]: A 62-year-old male reports to the ER with…

A 62-year-old male reports to the ER with symptoms of fatigue, lightheadedness and complaining of not being able to “catch his breath” after going up the stairs at home. He has developed a cough with worsening exercise tolerance over the last 7 months, which he attributed to “getting older.” At his most recent visit, 10 years ago, he discussed a family history of heart disease stating his grandfather died in his 60’s of a “bad heart.” The complete physical done at the time has reportedly been unremarkable. During examination his blood pressure was 145/105 mmHg and auscultation of a murmur that radiates up the neck and fine crackles in the lung bases bilaterally. The patient’s urinary output is decreased and patient presents with edema in the lower extremities.